Water Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment Essay Example

Water Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment Paper Environment Water is probably the most important resource we as people have. Humans can survive without food for several weeks, but without water would die in less than a week. On a slightly less dramatic note, millions of liters of water are needed every day worldwide for washing, irrigating crops, and cooling industrial processes, not to mention leisure industries such as swimming pools and water-sports centers. Despite our dependence on water, we use it as a dumping ground for all sorts of waste, and do very little to protect the water supplies we have. Water pollution is starting all over the world. Water pollution occurs when waste products or other substances, such as microorganisms, chemicals, or sewage, change the physical, thermal, chemical or biological characteristics of the water, adversely affecting living species and reducing the waters beneficial uses. When the matter gets into the water, most of the time it deteriorates and makes the water unhealthy. When the water becomes polluted, animals that rely on the water source will die from drinking the harmful chemicals and other pollutants. These chemicals will not only harm the animals but will affect the plants greatly as well. The plants will stop growing and eventually will die. There are several threats to our water resources. Oil Spills kill thousands of seabirds and can wreck water desalination plants and industrial plants drawing their water from affected coastlines. However, oil can get into the sea from many other sources, and cause just as much damage. Poor management of existing water resources can lead to those resources running out or at least shrinking. We will write a custom essay sample on Water Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Water Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Water Pollution and Its Effects on the Environment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Much of the pollution in rivers and seas comes from chemicals, mainly from agriculture. The effects of pollution can vary from localized damage to disturbance of the ecology of an entire waterway. The impact of pollution depends on the type and amount of contamination, the period of exposure, and on the characteristics of the waterway itself. The enormous problem of water pollution could be solved by using filters on the sewage tanks that pump out harmful chemicals and by having the big corporations pay to clean up the water that they have polluted. More public awareness should also be raised as exampled in Earth Day. Earth Day is a good start, but it is only one day. People need to be taught more and learn more about pollution as a whole and their environment. Ocean Pollution Water pollution is a problem that effects all living things. Every living organism on the earth needs water to survive. When the water is polluted, it not only effects the plants and animals, it harms people. Taking care of this planets water is very important to the short term and long term survival of living things. The oceans are constantly being polluted by individuals and many industries. These waters must be cleaned up before the costs are too great and the damages beyond repair. Action to clean up the Earths water supply is long over due. People in all countries must begin to take action. Plans must e made to rid the waters of pollution, and prevent any further destruction of the only source of water that the earth has. The actions taken will not only make the planet safer and cleaner for now, but for generations to come. For years, the world has thought the oceans are much too big to be effected by human action. The idea that the ocean is indestructible has met its end. Peter Weber a Research Associate at the Wristwatch Institute says, Today, with technologies that allow us to penetrate the salt water depths, we have discovered that despite their size and imperturbable appearance, the oceans re vulnerable to the same unsustainable trends that are degrading the terrestrial environment. . The oceans are one of the most important natural resources on the planet. Many plants, fish, and mammals have made the ocean their home. Much of the worlds human population depends a great deal on the ocean for their own food or to make a living. Because of the importance for the ocean, it must be taken care of to insure a future for a clean planet. Right now, the oceans are facing destruction. Each day new pollutants find their way into the oceans waters. The pollutants that contaminate the ocean take many forms. Each year millions of gallons of oil are put into the ocean. Toxic materials are dumped into the oceans and add up to deadly proportions. Tons of trash such as plastics and paper are pulled out of the ocean each day. This trash contaminates the water and causes many deaths of marine animals. Everyone on the planet has polluted the oceans one way or another. Factories that are in various industries make an enormous contribution to ocean pollution. These factories use unbelievable amounts of water to make their products. The Natural Resource Defense Council says, More than four out of every ten gallons of water used in the US re used for industrial purposes. A large amount of this water is dumped back into the oceans. This water is usually not clean, and may contain thousands of different chemicals. When this happens it can kill marine life, contaminate food supplies, and endanger people who use waters for fishing, swimming, or drinking. Water is also dumped back into the oceans by power plants who use it to cool reactors. This water is placed back into the oceans at high temperatures. Dumping water at these high temperatures causes a disruption in the marine environment. According to the book by Peter Weber, The water from power plants kills coral and other temperature related species. Many harmful airborne particles also pollute oceans. Exhaust from cars and factories, and chemicals like pesticides are carried into the atmosphere through vaporization. When it rains, many of these chemicals fall into the ocean. H. L. Window says, Up to 25% of the annual EDT production was rained out into the worlds oceans. One of the most harmful pollutants is oil. Gallons and gallons of oil are dumped, leaked, or seeped into the ocean each year. Contaminating the oceans will damage every living thing in one ay or another. Deadly chemicals and radioactive materials get into the oceans and cause serious damages. One of the most deadly of all the toxins that enter the ocean is oil. According to the Wristwatch institute, Low-level oil contamination can kill larvae and cause disease in marine life. The oil can coat marine animals and cause death. Many animals also ingest the oil. Marine life is effected by all of the pollutants, not just oil. For instance plastics are also a big killer of marine life. Researcher, Peter Weber, claims that, Plastics entangle marine life or is mistaken as food According to Dwight Holing Areas with chemical contamination, fish and shellfish have developed genetic defects such as chemical burns and tumors, and bottom-dwellers are showing fin erosion and cancer. Farming and mining all contribute to the dumping of sediment into the ocean. Peter Weber states, Sediments that make their way into the ocean can cloud the water and prevent photosynthesis, clog the gills of fish, and carry toxins that poison fish and other marine life. People also suffer from pollution. Beaches are frequently closed due to high levels of bacteria contamination from sewage and from medical wastes that wash up to shore. Sewage and waste from livestock can contaminate seafood and cause many diseases such as cholera and typhoid. Although scientists do not know the effects of radioactive material on marine life, the potential effects are frightening. Many years ago people would never have thought that the ocean would ever need saving. People would wonder how something so big could ever be effected by their own actions. There are many ways to begin to clean up the oceans. From individual action to government action. Some suggestions are to use biodegradable detergents and shampoos, avoid using and disposing plastics and Styrofoam, do not our hazardous chemicals down the drain, and to recycle old motor oil. Also people need to push the government for action. According to Oceans Day, Having beach seeps, CEO-regattas, youth projects, exhibits, concerts, research, and conferences will help to get the word out. Not any one plan will save the oceans. The problem must be attacked at all levels. The government must take action, the companies must take action, and individuals must take action. Cleaning the oceans would mean a healthier planet. Having healthier seafood will make healthier people. Clean oceans give people a good place for recreation. The fact of cleaning and monitoring the oceans will provide many new jobs. The main reason people do not clean the oceans is because of the cost. The oceans do not appear to be in immediate threat, but if the world waits to long to take action, the cost to clean up the ocean could be a lot more. So even though it may sound expensive, it will be a lot cheaper in the long run. It is the responsibility of every person on the planet to take care of the earth and its resources for ourselves and the future generations to come. Water Pollution water pollution Water pollution is one of the worlds worst forms of pollution. For example, aka a look at a glass of water. It may appear clear, but there are really millions of microscopic pollutants floating in it. Approximately 70% of the earths surface are covered by water; water is a very dynamic system, any change in its normal content could affect local, regional, and eventually worldwide water. Oil is one of the worlds biggest pollutants; oil is usually spilled or leaked from land or rivers and flows from them to the sea or ocean. The more direct form of oil pollution is when ships transporting oil leaks or the ship crashes. Oil can also ruin shores it can was up on them and become tar like lumps; some coat our of animals and can effect their heating system. Also some Oil can find its way into other sources causing hazardous water to be consumed. In some extreme cases, rivers, lakes, and wells have been known to ignite. Air pollution is also a worldwide polluter. Air pollution mainly comes from cars and industries. There are particles called hydrocarbons that settle or are washed down by rain from the air to the ocean. Toxic wastes are probably the most harmful forms of pollutants. A toxic waste can be quickly passed along The effect of water pollution depends on the type and amount of intimidation, the time of exposure, and what the water was like before the pollution. An estuary is a deep and wide channel to the sea.

Asbestos essays

Asbestos essays Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral. It is similar to other minerals in all ways except one: its crystal development. The crystal formation is in the form of long thin fibers. Over the years, it has had many uses. Primarily, it is used as an insulator or fire retardant. Due to its versatility and excellent insulating characteristics, asbestos can be found in many types of buildings. Although the government placed a moratorium on the production of most asbestos products in the early 1970s, installation of these products continued into the early 1980s. Although small exposure to asbestos is not dangerous, people who are exposed to asbestos on a consistent basis are at an increased risk of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and asbestos. Although asbestos is known to many people as a dangerous pollutant in its natural state, the mineral occurs throughout much of the planet. It is found in two-thirds of the rocks in the earths crust, and its fibers are released by erosion and carried by the wind. Therefore, depending on where you live, you are most likely inhaling between 10,000 and 15,000 fibers per day. Research shows that 99% of the worlds current asbestos production is chrysotile, a fiber which, when inhaled in small quantities, has no threat to a persons health. The controversy with asbestos concerns fibers and products that were used in the past, often improperly, and these fibers and products are prohibited today. Asbestos, being a versatile mineral, can be found in numerous places throughout the home because of its thermal insulation, fire protection, and strengthening of other materials. Insulating materials in ceilings, roofs, household appliances, pipe coverings, etc. all contained asbestos. Floor coverings such as vinyl tiles also contained asbestos because of the products strengthening ability. Household appliances contained asbestos for the use of its thermal insulation in ...

Proper Formal Letter From Introduction to Conclusion

Proper Formal Letter From Introduction to Conclusion Formal English letters are quickly being replaced by email. However, the formal letter structure you learn can still be applied to business emails and other formal emails. Follow these structure tips to write effective formal business letters and emails. A Purpose for Each Paragraph First Paragraph: The first paragraph of formal letters should include an introduction to the purpose of the letter. Its common to first thank someone or to introduce yourself. Dear Mr. Anders, Thank you for taking the time to meet with me last week. Id like to follow up on our conversation and have a few questions for you. Body Paragraphs:  The second and following paragraphs should provide the main information of the letter, and build on the main purpose in the introductory first paragraph. Our project is moving forward as scheduled. Wed like to develop a training program for staff at the new locations. To this end, we have decided to rent out space in the local business exhibition center. New staff will be trained by our experts in personnel for three days. In this way, well be able to meet demand from the first day. Final Paragraph: The final paragraph should shortly summarize the intent of the formal letter and end with some call to action. Thank you for your consideration of my suggestions. I look forward to an opportunity to discuss this matter further. Formal Letter Details Open with an expression of formal address, such as: Dear Mr, Ms (Mrs, Miss) - if you know the name of the person you are writing to. Use Dear Sir / Madam if you do not know the name of the person you are writing to, or To Whom it May Concern Always use Ms for women unless you are specifically requested to use Mrs or Miss. Beginning Your Letter First, provide a reason for writing. If you are beginning correspondence with someone about something or asking for information, begin by providing a reason for writing: I am writing to inform you about ...I am writing to ask/inquire about ...I am writing to ask about information for small businesses.I am writing to inform you that we have not yet received payment for ... Frequently, formal letters are written to express thanks. This is especially true when writing in response to an inquiry of some kind or when writing to express appreciation for a job interview, a reference, or other professional assistance  you have received.   Here are some useful phrases of gratitude: Thank you for your letter of (date) inquiring about ...We would like to thank you for your letter of (date) asking for / requesting information about ...In response to your letter of (date), we would like to thank you for your interest in ... Examples: I would like to thank you for your letter of January 22nd requesting information about our new line of lawnmowers.In response to your letter of October 23, 1997, we would like to thank you for your interest in our new line of products. Use the following phrases when asking for assistance: I would be grateful if you could verbWould you mind verb ingWould it be too much to ask that ... Examples: I would be grateful if you could send me a brochure.Would you mind telephoning me during the next week?Would it be too much to ask that our payment be postponed for two weeks? The following phrases are used to offer help: I would be happy to verbWe would be pleased to verb Examples: I would be happy to answer any questions you have.We would be pleased to assist you in finding a new location. Enclosing Documents In some formal letters, you will need to include documents or other information. Use the following phrases to draw attention to any enclosed documents you might have included. Enclosed please find nounEnclosed you will find ... nounWe enclose ... noun Examples: Enclosed you will find a copy of our brochure.Enclosed please find a copy of our brochure.We enclose a brochure. Note: if you are writing a formal email, use the phase: Attached please find / Attached you will find. Closing Remarks Always finish a formal letter with some call to action or reference to a future outcome you desire. Some of the options include: A referral to a future meeting: I look forward to meeting / seeing youI look forward to meeting you next week. An offer of further help Please do not hesitate to contact me if you have any questions regarding this matter.If you need any further assistance please contact me. A Formal Sign Off Sign the letter with one of the following phrases: Yours faithfully,Yours sincerely, Less formal Best wishes.Best regards. Make sure to sign your letter by hand followed by your typed name. Block Format Formal letters written in block format place everything on the left-hand side of the page. Place your address or your companys address at the top of the letter on the left (or use your companys letterhead) followed by the address of the person and/or company you are writing to, all placed on the left side of the page. Hit the key return a number of times and use the date. Standard Format In formal letters written in standard format place your address or your companys address at the top of the letter on the right. Place the address of the person and/or company you are writing on the left side of the page. Place the date on the right-hand side of the page in alignment with your address.

Education changes life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Education changes life - Essay Example nd uninterested, but through his own liaison with books, Alexie was given an opportunity that many of these people deprived themselves of by grasping the various facets of the world around him, which he discovered in books. By learning to read, Alexie was able to view his world in a new, vibrant light, one that he would have never gotten a chance to see if he had succumbed to the shallow beliefs of others. When Frederick Douglass decided to act on his impulse to learn to read and write, he was living as a slave. The opportunity at receiving an education was not available to him, and even after his mistress promised to teach him to read, she quickly withdrew this promise at the request of her husband. Instead of being deterred, Douglass was even more eager to learn the symbols that were being hidden from him, that had piqued his curiosity. Over the years, Douglass enlisted sympathetic neighborhood boys as his teachers, and with â€Å"their kindly aid . . . I finally succeeded in lear ning to read† (Douglass 101). These newly acquired skills were amazing enough to this boy who had been denied a proper education, but he was able to use them to understand that, despite the color of his skin, he was still human. Among the books that he read, Douglass favored stories and histories about the past and present fate of his people. He detested what he read, and â€Å"often found myself regretting my own existence . . . but for the hope of being free, I have no doubt but that I should have killed myself† (103). Douglass did not like what he was learning, but what he discovered was life-changing: he was entitled to freedom. Malcolm X coaxed himself to learn to read and write while he was in prison, desperate to convey in writing his appreciation to Elijah Muhammad. Furthermore, â€Å"the... This essay demonstrates how important the education is in the life of each person on the examples of Alexie, Douglass, and Malcolm X. Through their unique experiences with learning to control language, write effectively, and read with strong comprehension, Alexie, Douglass, and Malcolm X not only gained a firm understanding of the world around them but also of themselves. However, these had not been their goals when they began the journey of learning the written word. When these men taught themselves to read, they did so for the sake of their upbringing, curiosity, and for freedom. I do not think that these three men expected to discover what they did upon learning to read, which were completely new worlds beyond the ones that had become familiar to them. As their comprehension of the written word strengthened, these men were soon finding truths and answers to the pressing questions of life within the pages of books. By looking at what Alexie, Douglass, and Malcolm X gained from lear ning to read, it can be said that the effect of these skills is discovery, both of the world and of the self. Through their personal experiences, reveal how life-changing education can be. These men, happy as most of them were with life, longed for something more, something that allowed them to explore themselves and their world in a way that offered virtually no boundaries. This ability was discovered in the skills of reading and writing, which let these men learn from others and have the skills required to share their own knowledge and discoveries.

Understanding management accounting and financial management Assignment

Understanding management accounting and financial management - Assignment Example For this expansion setting up new plant is essential for Flight high ventures plc to increase the capacity. The inception of new plant will require initial outlay of ?4m. Along with this, research and development department is taking another project of product development with two options A and B. In this report these two options are evaluated using different techniques. Two projects A and B both are mutually exclusive need to decide which project is more suitable for the Flight high ventures plc. Both the projects have initial capital investment which is shown in annexure as negative. Project B has initial investment of ?1210000 and project A has lower initial investment of ?968000. Lower initial investment does not signify that it is better to accept or reject because there is difference in economy of scale in those projects. Hence the effect is reflected in profit earning and in cash flows per year. These two projects are evaluated using four different techniques like payback meth od, accounting rate of return method (ARR), net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) (Collier, 2003, 185-193). Payback for the project A is 2.5 years and for project B is 3.5 years. Hence project ‘A’ needs 4.5 years to get repaid by its cash flow and project ‘B’ needs 3.5 years. This pay back period depends on the amount of investment and size of cash inflow. If the project has higher cash inflow at the initial time of the tenure of the project then it will effect on the payback time to be lessened. This concept is an advantage to pay back process as the risk of payment through early payment is reduced in this process. Another few advantages are like easy to calculate, simple concept and consideration of cash not profit only. But this procedure of evaluation has major flaw of non consideration of time value of money. Payback concept does not consider the cash inflow out of the stipulated time which may be for infinite for some projects. Hen ce the project size and the time are not under consideration of this method. (Kay, 2011, p.108) Accounting rate of return of any project is based on the average accounting profit and average capital investment. Here profit is considered in the calculation instead of the cash flow. Profit is counted after excluding depreciation from the cash flow. This ARR calculation has similarity with other calculation for return on investment (ROI) and return on equity (ROE). Only dissimilarity is in denominator. In ARR the main benefit than payback is the consideration of the project life span. Simple in calculation of ARR is another advantage. The result of ARR can help to compare more than one project and also with other financial ratios. But main advantage is similar to payback is, not of considering the time value. Other disadvantages are like not considering the scale of the project and timing (Atrill and McLaney, 2006, p.329- 332). (Damodaran, 2002) In those above two methods risk is consi dered in the calculation but inflation and interest foregone factor is not considered. In the NPV and IRR method time value of money is applied in the calculation. In NPV calculation the absolute size of the project is accounted and also in the discounting factor consideration of calculation of the discounting rate is important (McGrath, 1998). Usually cost of capital is considered in this calculation but this is the main advantage of NPV method, because of the hardness in calculation of cost of capital (Brigham, Enrhardt, 2010, 383). IRR is positive for the projects with unknown discount rate but known cash flows. Like NPV, IRR also considers risk and time value of money. But IRR ignores the change in discount rate and also the gives multiple result for the cash flow with combination of inflow and out flow.

Legal Issues in Gaming Industry Essay Example for Free

Legal Issues in Gaming Industry Essay When it comes to looking at the legal issues, we can that there are loads of them. The cause of legal issues rise when a specific games company copies other peoples work or they take what other games without permission. An example of such issue is when the Arktos Entertainment Group, who are the makers of MMO The War Z game, were found to have copied the terms of service agreement from the game, League of Legends. And as crazy this may sound, but another huge legal issue to fall upon the gaming industry when JUSTIN BIEBER filed a lawsuit against a company who develops Android Smartphones called RC3. All this hassle was because RC3 created a video game called Joustin Beaver, which parodied Justin Bieber. Another legal issue is copyright. Such incident happened between Nova Productions and Mazooma Games. The reason is because Nova sued Mazooma for copying elements from their games.. Jackpot Pool and Trick Shot. Regulatory Issues in Games. Regulatory Issues Seen as more and more games are getting violent and the no. of people who play them and commit crimes are slightly increasing, those violent video games have been rated in specific way. The first ever game to be rated this way was Mortal Kombat. It was one of the first ever games to have extreme graphic violence such, huge amounts of blood, people being ripped into half etc. The public found it so inappropriate that they rated it a Mature. It means the game is only to be purchased or played by a person who 17 or older. This is to stop anyone under that age from playing the game and having a bad influence. The ratings are as follows: In the UK the games are being rated by PEGI. The ratings are as follows: Ethical Issues in Video Games. Year after year, new games are released with even more improved visuals and game play than the previous selection of video games. But, in some games, better visuals and game play isn’t the only thing to be added into the game. The game is also loaded with ethical issues. Here are some famous video games and the ethical issues that creep in them. Resident Evil 5 – High number of racial stereotyping and abuse: In the game, there features a white male killing black enemies, who lives in a small African village. Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas – Prostitution, Drug dealing, Racist stereotyping: Including an African American person as the main character and the first mission being to steal a bike. Mortal Kombat – Extreme graphic violence

How Could I Tell? - Personal Narrative Essay -- Papers

How Could I Tell? - Personal Narrative "I'm afraid you may never have a desk job again. Employers prefer younger people! They shouldn't - but they do. You must be more flexible". The man at the unemployment office had looked embarrassed. He'd still got his job. Age for age, responsibility for responsibility. The job was the only difference between us.But it was a big difference. In a way I really missed my desk. It was comfortable. It had been part of me for so many years. It had brought in money - just enough - to keep things going for just me and her. But now it was over. Chapter closed,Dumped. Did I care? For a while I cared a lot, yes, then less. Gradually the me that was defined by a desk gave way to a me that was free.The bills were overdue and there were ugly scenes. To be honest, I accepted the job that day just to show willing. Of course the pay was a joke - Â £10 in a day, if I was lucky. But, once I was out in the fresh air, somehow it just didn't seem to matter any more. The world seemed full of possibilities; unexplained, undecided and only just round the corner. The country air felt fresh in my lungs, the sun beamed down and my whole body tingled with anticipation. I had not felt so good for years. The heavy bag on my unfit shoulders seemed light as a feather. The twisting country lane stretched out in front of me with its high hedge bordering with a riot of white foxgloves and sweet scented creamy honeysuckle. Songs from hidden birds in the hedgerow crowded the country air, lifting me up, leading me on. Just a small country lane - but for me it held the promise of new and better futures. Each stride pushe... ... link that had grown so quickly between this lady, her mountains and myself was much stronger and ultimately irresistible. I reached up and enclosing her face between my two hands, drew her down to return her kiss. In a small part of my consciousness, I felt the coldness of the mountains begin to return. Her breathing was shallow and slowly, with gentle tenderness, our bodies moulded together. But still how was i to tell her about the job,or rather no job. Whilst wrapped in her warm hand with her lavender sent creeping up her body into my nostrils i recalled the wrathe of the words said by the man at the unemploymet office,as they seemed to run circles in my head. "I'm afraid you may never have a desk job again. Employers prefer younger people! They shouldn't - but they do. You must be more flexible".